Design as synthesis
“Design as synthesis” its a methodological approach in Landscape architecture that offers a way of combining diverse and often competing needs. It’s an approach that integrates seemingly disparate topics - social, economic, ecological and cultural - creating a cohesive and resilient solution. Specifically, it acknowledges the inherent tensions within landscape design, such as the need to preserve historical integrity while embracing contemporary innovation, or the challenge of providing public access while protecting sensitive ecological areas.
“Design as synthesis” seeks to find creative solutions that integrate oppositional pairs. This could involve incorporating sustainable technologies into historically significant landscape, or designing accessible pathways that enhance a conservation area.
It follows a systematic approach by beginning with defining the problem, analysing the site, surroundings and cultural context, without excessive depth. From this point, a design solution is synthesised that responds to the unique needs of the project.
View of the Plonjon private estate (before 1896). Parc des Eaux-Vives, Geneva. Metz & Lautz, Publisher. Bibliothèque de Genève.
Parc des Eaux-Vives in Geneva traces its origins back to the 16th century. This historic park, having passed through the hands of various private owners, each left their imprint, shaping the landscape. Marked by these diverse visions, Parc des Eaux-Vives serves as a compelling example of the “Design as Synthesis” methodological approach in landscape architecture. The challenge was to transform this once-private garden into a publicly accessible space while retaining its inherent landscape character.
Villa Bartholoni. Parc des Eaux-Vives, Geneva. Jean DuBois (1789 - 1849). Bibliothèque de Genève.
The analysis for Parc des Eaux-Vives stemmed from the Commune des Eaux-Vives' desire to transform a once-private site into a vibrant public realm. Acquired in 1913, the design would have been intrinsically linked to the community’s aspirations.
With set goals, the analysis likely delved into the site’s inherent characteristics: existing vegetation, meandering pathways, water elements, and other significant features. The site’s evolution over time, its past uses and transformations would have added further layers to the analysis.
Another important point of analysis is the interplay between the park and Lake Geneva. This was unquestionably a central point to the park’s design, dictating sightlines, shaping spaces, and defining its character.
View from towards the Jura mountains. Parc des Eaux-Vives, Geneva. Edition Moos (1902 - 1936). Bibliothèque de Genève.
The design stage for Parc des Eaux-Vives likely involved the careful construction and integration of new elements, such as pathways, seating areas, and planting designs, all while preserving and enhancing the park’s existing historical features. This act of integrating the old with the new is one example of the “Design as Synthesis” approach. This stage also involved careful consideration of the park's functionality, ensuring that it caters to the needs of various users, from those seeking recreation to those seeking quiet contemplation. The design of parc des Eaux-Vives stands as project lead by thoughtful synthesis, creating a public space that respects its past while embracing its present and future.
Central avenue. Parc des Eaux-Vives, Geneva. Wehrli Frères (Gebrüder Wehrli) (vers 1897 - 1924). Bibliothèque de Genève.
Avenue of chestnut trees. Parc des Eaux-Vives, Geneva. Edition Moos (1902 - 1936). Bibliothèque de Genève.